ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine risk factors associated with development of AKI with regards to mortality rate among covid-19 patients taking in consideration risk factors such as age, sex and chronic diseases like diabetics considering renal function to outcome. Design and method: This is a retrospective cohort study using de-identified data retrieved from clinical records of patients from two COVID 19 isolation centers. Medical history, demographic data, symptoms, disease complications and laboratory investigations were extracted from clinical records of 406 confirmed COVID 19 hospitalized patients in the period between Feb 2020 and July 2021. Continuous variables were presented as means ± standard deviation (SD) while categorical variables were presented as percent proportions. Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors associated with development of AKI with regards to mortality factors rate among covid 19 hypertensive patients. Result: Out of 406 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 59.6% had a history of hypertension. Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors associated with AKI among hypertensive and non hypertensive patients of covid-19. Age factor is highly significant factor for development of AKI for hypertensive (odd ratio [OR]: 4.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: (1.93-1.36, P = 0.001) and non-hypertensive patients (odd ratio [OR]: 4.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: (1.58-4.18, P = 0.001). Urea (odd ratio [OR]: 3.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: (1.63-5.76, P = 0.001), creatinine (odd ratio [OR]: 3.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: (1.82-6.32, P > 0.001) and potassium[K] (odd ratio [OR]: 2.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: (2.23-3.83, P = 0.035) are highly significantly increased for hypertensive covid- 19 patients, whereas urea, creatinine and K are not significantly changed for non-hypertensive covid-19 patients Gender and morbidity factor (diabetes mellitus) has no significant effect for AKI development for hypertensive and non-hypertensive covid-19 patients. AKI is considered as a risk factor death among COVID-19 patients (OR:284, CI:1.56-5.15, p = 0.001). Conclusion: The present study indicates that 71% of patients with AKI are hypertensive. The results also highlight the alarming high incidents of hypertension in the studied population. On conclusion hypertension is considered as highly morbidity factor for development of AKI.